There are multiple reasons why smoking causes burns and coughing. Cigarette smoke contains a quite a lot of noxious chemicals that irritate the throat. Contrary to popular misconception, there is no heat involved in a burning sensation of the throat. When the toxins from cigarettes come in contact with the throat, the tissues dry out. This drying out can further cause injury. So to keep it short and blunt, do not ever smoke again. But then at the same time, you have done the damage already.
To cure your throat burns, one of the best solutions is to make a concoction of basil leaves with honey and keep having it through the day. You must have this homemade therapy at least six times every day. This is the dosage that you can start off with, continue it for a week and then reduce it to once in a week. One more solution is to have warm milk with turmeric powder every day. You need to have a glass of warm milk every day before you sleep. The milk acts as a soothing ingredient for your throat burns and at the same time, turmeric acts as a natural healing agent. This is again a very good natural treatment for throat burns. Liquorice is also considered to be a very good healer for throat burns. You can chew this at leisure and see the difference in the burning sensation that you go through. Apart from these therapies, you can also make a decoction out of tamarind with water and boil it till it becomes little thick and then use it as a gargle. You can make gargles out of common ingredients like lemon juice, honey and salt.
You should try all of this individually and that will help you to decide which one works best for you. You can also make grape and onion juices, chill them in a freezer and drink them to get rid of the burning sensation in your throat. However, the most popular therapy that you could adopt is a gargle of warm water mixed with salt and turmeric powder. This provides instant relief to the burning sensation. If you adopt these homemade therapies and never smoke again then you will definitely get rid of the throat burns very soon. It also makes sense to regulate the temperature of the fluids that you ingest by never drinking fluids that are at either temperature extremes. Visit you doctor if your symptoms have not disappeared within a few weeks.